diff --git a/includes/api/ApiBase.php b/includes/api/ApiBase.php
index 9af46befb11..9b232c4cde1 100644
--- a/includes/api/ApiBase.php
+++ b/includes/api/ApiBase.php
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ use Wikimedia\ParamValidator\ParamValidator;
 use Wikimedia\ParamValidator\TypeDef\EnumDef;
 use Wikimedia\ParamValidator\TypeDef\IntegerDef;
 use Wikimedia\ParamValidator\TypeDef\StringDef;
-use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IDatabase;
 use Wikimedia\Timestamp\TimestampException;
 
 /**
@@ -655,11 +654,13 @@ abstract class ApiBase extends ContextSource {
 	/**
 	 * Gets a default replica DB connection object
 	 * @stable to override
-	 * @return IDatabase
+	 * @return \Wikimedia\Rdbms\IReadableDatabase
 	 */
 	protected function getDB() {
 		if ( !isset( $this->mReplicaDB ) ) {
-			$this->mReplicaDB = wfGetDB( DB_REPLICA, 'api' );
+			$this->mReplicaDB = MediaWikiServices::getInstance()
+				->getDBLoadBalancerFactory()
+				->getReplicaDatabase( false, 'api' );
 		}
 
 		return $this->mReplicaDB;
diff --git a/includes/api/ApiMain.php b/includes/api/ApiMain.php
index c721eeb495f..73f2d78641f 100644
--- a/includes/api/ApiMain.php
+++ b/includes/api/ApiMain.php
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ class ApiMain extends ApiBase {
 		'setnotificationtimestamp' => [
 			'class' => ApiSetNotificationTimestamp::class,
 			'services' => [
-				'DBLoadBalancer',
+				'DBLoadBalancerFactory',
 				'RevisionStore',
 				'WatchedItemStore',
 			]
@@ -403,7 +403,7 @@ class ApiMain extends ApiBase {
 		'tag' => [
 			'class' => ApiTag::class,
 			'services' => [
-				'DBLoadBalancer',
+				'DBLoadBalancerFactory',
 				'RevisionStore',
 			]
 		],
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ class ApiMain extends ApiBase {
 		'setpagelanguage' => [
 			'class' => ApiSetPageLanguage::class,
 			'services' => [
-				'DBLoadBalancer',
+				'DBLoadBalancerFactory',
 				'LanguageNameUtils',
 			]
 		],
diff --git a/includes/api/ApiPageSet.php b/includes/api/ApiPageSet.php
index 019173e9511..89892a03807 100644
--- a/includes/api/ApiPageSet.php
+++ b/includes/api/ApiPageSet.php
@@ -1642,7 +1642,7 @@ class ApiPageSet extends ApiBase {
 
 	/**
 	 * Get the database connection (read-only)
-	 * @return IDatabase
+	 * @return \Wikimedia\Rdbms\IReadableDatabase
 	 */
 	protected function getDB() {
 		return $this->mDbSource->getDB();
diff --git a/includes/api/ApiSetNotificationTimestamp.php b/includes/api/ApiSetNotificationTimestamp.php
index 444affe7fbe..9f4b2d29b78 100644
--- a/includes/api/ApiSetNotificationTimestamp.php
+++ b/includes/api/ApiSetNotificationTimestamp.php
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 use MediaWiki\Revision\RevisionStore;
 use MediaWiki\Title\Title;
 use Wikimedia\ParamValidator\ParamValidator;
-use Wikimedia\Rdbms\ILoadBalancer;
+use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IConnectionProvider;
 
 /**
  * API interface for setting the wl_notificationtimestamp field
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ class ApiSetNotificationTimestamp extends ApiBase {
 	/** @var RevisionStore */
 	private $revisionStore;
 
-	/** @var ILoadBalancer */
-	private $loadBalancer;
+	/** @var IConnectionProvider */
+	private $dbProvider;
 
 	/** @var WatchedItemStoreInterface */
 	private $watchedItemStore;
@@ -48,20 +48,20 @@ class ApiSetNotificationTimestamp extends ApiBase {
 	/**
 	 * @param ApiMain $main
 	 * @param string $action
-	 * @param ILoadBalancer $loadBalancer
+	 * @param IConnectionProvider $dbProvider
 	 * @param RevisionStore $revisionStore
 	 * @param WatchedItemStoreInterface $watchedItemStore
 	 */
 	public function __construct(
 		ApiMain $main,
 		$action,
-		ILoadBalancer $loadBalancer,
+		IConnectionProvider $dbProvider,
 		RevisionStore $revisionStore,
 		WatchedItemStoreInterface $watchedItemStore
 	) {
 		parent::__construct( $main, $action );
 
-		$this->loadBalancer = $loadBalancer;
+		$this->dbProvider = $dbProvider;
 		$this->revisionStore = $revisionStore;
 		$this->watchedItemStore = $watchedItemStore;
 	}
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ class ApiSetNotificationTimestamp extends ApiBase {
 			);
 		}
 
-		$dbw = $this->loadBalancer->getConnectionRef( DB_PRIMARY );
+		$dbw = $this->dbProvider->getPrimaryDatabase();
 
 		$timestamp = null;
 		if ( isset( $params['timestamp'] ) ) {
diff --git a/includes/api/ApiSetPageLanguage.php b/includes/api/ApiSetPageLanguage.php
index bcac2f1ca59..da224e9b04b 100644
--- a/includes/api/ApiSetPageLanguage.php
+++ b/includes/api/ApiSetPageLanguage.php
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 use MediaWiki\Languages\LanguageNameUtils;
 use MediaWiki\MainConfigNames;
 use Wikimedia\ParamValidator\ParamValidator;
-use Wikimedia\Rdbms\ILoadBalancer;
+use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IConnectionProvider;
 
 /**
  * API module that facilitates changing the language of a page.
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ use Wikimedia\Rdbms\ILoadBalancer;
  */
 class ApiSetPageLanguage extends ApiBase {
 
-	/** @var ILoadBalancer */
-	private $loadBalancer;
+	/** @var IConnectionProvider */
+	private $dbProvider;
 
 	/** @var LanguageNameUtils */
 	private $languageNameUtils;
@@ -43,17 +43,17 @@ class ApiSetPageLanguage extends ApiBase {
 	/**
 	 * @param ApiMain $mainModule
 	 * @param string $moduleName
-	 * @param ILoadBalancer $loadBalancer
+	 * @param IConnectionProvider $dbProvider
 	 * @param LanguageNameUtils $languageNameUtils
 	 */
 	public function __construct(
 		ApiMain $mainModule,
 		$moduleName,
-		ILoadBalancer $loadBalancer,
+		IConnectionProvider $dbProvider,
 		LanguageNameUtils $languageNameUtils
 	) {
 		parent::__construct( $mainModule, $moduleName );
-		$this->loadBalancer = $loadBalancer;
+		$this->dbProvider = $dbProvider;
 		$this->languageNameUtils = $languageNameUtils;
 	}
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ class ApiSetPageLanguage extends ApiBase {
 			$params['lang'],
 			$params['reason'] ?? '',
 			$params['tags'] ?: [],
-			$this->loadBalancer->getConnectionRef( ILoadBalancer::DB_PRIMARY )
+			$this->dbProvider->getPrimaryDatabase()
 		);
 
 		if ( !$status->isOK() ) {
diff --git a/includes/api/ApiTag.php b/includes/api/ApiTag.php
index 0aee01a0086..7fbb777757c 100644
--- a/includes/api/ApiTag.php
+++ b/includes/api/ApiTag.php
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 
 use MediaWiki\Revision\RevisionStore;
 use Wikimedia\ParamValidator\ParamValidator;
+use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IConnectionProvider;
 use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IDatabase;
-use Wikimedia\Rdbms\ILoadBalancer;
 
 /**
  * @ingroup API
@@ -41,17 +41,17 @@ class ApiTag extends ApiBase {
 	/**
 	 * @param ApiMain $main
 	 * @param string $action
-	 * @param ILoadBalancer $loadBalancer
+	 * @param IConnectionProvider $dbProvider
 	 * @param RevisionStore $revisionStore
 	 */
 	public function __construct(
 		ApiMain $main,
 		$action,
-		ILoadBalancer $loadBalancer,
+		IConnectionProvider $dbProvider,
 		RevisionStore $revisionStore
 	) {
 		parent::__construct( $main, $action );
-		$this->dbr = $loadBalancer->getConnectionRef( DB_REPLICA );
+		$this->dbr = $dbProvider->getReplicaDatabase();
 		$this->revisionStore = $revisionStore;
 	}
 
diff --git a/includes/export/Hook/ModifyExportQueryHook.php b/includes/export/Hook/ModifyExportQueryHook.php
index 57182186321..a558b23174f 100644
--- a/includes/export/Hook/ModifyExportQueryHook.php
+++ b/includes/export/Hook/ModifyExportQueryHook.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace MediaWiki\Hook;
 
-use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IDatabase;
+use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IReadableDatabase;
 
 /**
  * This is a hook handler interface, see docs/Hooks.md.
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@ interface ModifyExportQueryHook {
 	 *
 	 * @since 1.35
 	 *
-	 * @param IDatabase $db Database object to be queried
+	 * @param IReadableDatabase $db Database object to be queried
 	 * @param array &$tables Tables in the query
 	 * @param string $cond An SQL fragment included in the WHERE clause which is used to filter
 	 *   the results, for example to a specific page. Since 1.31, modification of this
 	 *   parameter has no effect. Since 1.35, you can use $conds instead to modify the
-	 *   array of conditions passed to IDatabase::select().
+	 *   array of conditions passed to IReadableDatabase::select().
 	 * @param array &$opts Options for the query
 	 * @param array &$join_conds Join conditions for the query
-	 * @param array &$conds The array of conditions to be passed to IDatabase::select(). Can be
+	 * @param array &$conds The array of conditions to be passed to IReadableDatabase::select(). Can be
 	 *   modified. Includes the value of $cond.
 	 * @return bool|void True or no return value to continue or false to abort
 	 */
diff --git a/includes/export/WikiExporter.php b/includes/export/WikiExporter.php
index 0a45b7c2690..1d969370346 100644
--- a/includes/export/WikiExporter.php
+++ b/includes/export/WikiExporter.php
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ use MediaWiki\Page\PageIdentity;
 use MediaWiki\Revision\RevisionAccessException;
 use MediaWiki\Revision\RevisionRecord;
 use MediaWiki\Revision\RevisionStore;
-use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IDatabase;
+use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IReadableDatabase;
 use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IResultWrapper;
 
 /**
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class WikiExporter {
 	/** @var XmlDumpWriter */
 	private $writer;
 
-	/** @var IDatabase */
+	/** @var IReadableDatabase */
 	protected $db;
 
 	/** @var array|int */
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ class WikiExporter {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * @param IDatabase $db
+	 * @param IReadableDatabase $db
 	 * @param CommentStore $commentStore
 	 * @param HookContainer $hookContainer
 	 * @param RevisionStore $revisionStore
diff --git a/includes/export/WikiExporterFactory.php b/includes/export/WikiExporterFactory.php
index 8182c67b479..9f85846285c 100644
--- a/includes/export/WikiExporterFactory.php
+++ b/includes/export/WikiExporterFactory.php
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ use MediaWiki\HookContainer\HookContainer;
 use MediaWiki\Revision\RevisionStore;
 use TitleParser;
 use WikiExporter;
-use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IDatabase;
+use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IReadableDatabase;
 
 /**
  * Factory service for WikiExporter instances.
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ class WikiExporterFactory {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * @param IDatabase $db
+	 * @param IReadableDatabase $db
 	 * @param int|array $history
 	 * @param int $text
 	 * @param null|array $limitNamespaces
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ class WikiExporterFactory {
 	 * @return WikiExporter
 	 */
 	public function getWikiExporter(
-		IDatabase $db,
+		IReadableDatabase $db,
 		$history = WikiExporter::CURRENT,
 		$text = WikiExporter::TEXT,
 		$limitNamespaces = null
diff --git a/includes/logging/LogEventsList.php b/includes/logging/LogEventsList.php
index 1780c8a2c89..b7baa687d90 100644
--- a/includes/logging/LogEventsList.php
+++ b/includes/logging/LogEventsList.php
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ use MediaWiki\MainConfigNames;
 use MediaWiki\MediaWikiServices;
 use MediaWiki\Page\PageReference;
 use MediaWiki\Permissions\Authority;
-use Wikimedia\Rdbms\IDatabase;
 
 class LogEventsList extends ContextSource {
 	public const NO_ACTION_LINK = 1;
@@ -807,7 +806,7 @@ class LogEventsList extends ContextSource {
 	/**
 	 * SQL clause to skip forbidden log types for this user
 	 *
-	 * @param IDatabase $db
+	 * @param \Wikimedia\Rdbms\IReadableDatabase $db
 	 * @param string $audience Public/user
 	 * @param Authority|null $performer User to check, required when audience isn't public
 	 * @return string|false String on success, false on failure.