361 lines
13 KiB
PHP
361 lines
13 KiB
PHP
<?php
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/**
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* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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* (at your option) any later version.
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*
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* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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* GNU General Public License for more details.
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*
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* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
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* with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
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* 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
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* http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
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*
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* @file
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*/
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namespace MediaWiki\Language;
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use Wikimedia\Bcp47Code\Bcp47Code;
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use Wikimedia\Bcp47Code\Bcp47CodeValue;
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/**
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* Methods for dealing with language codes.
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*
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* @since 1.29
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* @ingroup Language
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*/
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class LanguageCode {
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/**
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* Mapping of deprecated language codes that were used in previous
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* versions of MediaWiki to up-to-date, current language codes.
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* These may or may not be valid BCP 47 codes; they are included here
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* because MediaWiki renamed these particular codes at some point.
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*
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* @var array Mapping from deprecated MediaWiki-internal language code
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* to replacement MediaWiki-internal language code.
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*
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* @see https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special_language_codes
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*/
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private const DEPRECATED_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING = [
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// Note that als is actually a valid ISO 639 code (Tosk Albanian), but it
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// was previously used in MediaWiki for Alsatian, which comes under gsw
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'als' => 'gsw', // T25215
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'bat-smg' => 'sgs', // T27522
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'be-x-old' => 'be-tarask', // T11823
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'fiu-vro' => 'vro', // T31186
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'roa-rup' => 'rup', // T17988
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'zh-classical' => 'lzh', // T30443
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'zh-min-nan' => 'nan', // T30442
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'zh-yue' => 'yue', // T30441
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];
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/**
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* Mapping of non-standard language codes used in MediaWiki to
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* standardized BCP 47 codes. These are not deprecated (yet?):
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* IANA may eventually recognize the subtag, in which case the `-x-`
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* infix could be removed, or else we could rename the code in
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* MediaWiki, in which case they'd move up to the above mapping
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* of deprecated codes.
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*
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* As a rule, we preserve all distinctions made by MediaWiki
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* internally. For example, `de-formal` becomes `de-x-formal`
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* instead of just `de` because MediaWiki distinguishes `de-formal`
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* from `de` (for example, for interface translations). Similarly,
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* BCP 47 indicates that `kk-Cyrl` SHOULD not be used because it
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* "typically does not add information", but in our case MediaWiki
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* LanguageConverter distinguishes `kk` (render content in a mix of
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* Kurdish variants) from `kk-Cyrl` (convert content to be uniformly
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* Cyrillic). As the BCP 47 requirement is a SHOULD not a MUST,
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* `kk-Cyrl` is a valid code, although some validators may emit
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* a warning note.
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*
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* @var array Mapping from nonstandard MediaWiki-internal codes to
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* BCP 47 codes
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*
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* @see https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special_language_codes
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* @see https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T125073
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*/
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private const NON_STANDARD_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING = [
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// All codes returned by LanguageNameUtils::getLanguageNames() validated
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// against IANA registry at
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// https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry
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// with help of validator at
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// http://schneegans.de/lv/
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'cbk-zam' => 'cbk', // T124657
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'de-formal' => 'de-x-formal',
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'eml' => 'egl', // T36217
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'en-rtl' => 'en-x-rtl',
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'es-formal' => 'es-x-formal',
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'hu-formal' => 'hu-x-formal',
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'map-bms' => 'jv-x-bms', // [[en:Banyumasan_dialect]] T125073
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'mo' => 'ro-Cyrl-MD', // T125073
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'nrm' => 'nrf', // [[en:Norman_language]] T25216
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'nl-informal' => 'nl-x-informal',
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'roa-tara' => 'nap-x-tara', // [[en:Tarantino_dialect]]
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'simple' => 'en-simple',
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'sr-ec' => 'sr-Cyrl', // T117845
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'sr-el' => 'sr-Latn', // T117845
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// Although these next codes aren't *wrong* per se, including
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// both the script and the country code helps compatibility with
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// other BCP 47 users. Note that MW also uses
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// `kk-Arab`/`kk-Cyrl`/`kk-Latn`, `zh-Hans`/`zh-Hant`,
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// without a country code, and those should be left alone.
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// `kk` has the Suppress-Script: Cyrl field, so `kk-KZ` won't be mapped
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// to `kk-Cyrl-KZ`.
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// (See getVariantsFallbacks() in KkConverter.php for Arab/Cyrl/Latn id.)
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// (See getVariantsFallbacks() in ZhConverter.php for Hans/Hant id.)
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'crh-ro' => 'crh-Latn-RO',
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'kk-cn' => 'kk-Arab-CN',
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'kk-tr' => 'kk-Latn-TR',
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'zh-cn' => 'zh-Hans-CN',
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'zh-sg' => 'zh-Hans-SG',
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'zh-my' => 'zh-Hans-MY',
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'zh-tw' => 'zh-Hant-TW',
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'zh-hk' => 'zh-Hant-HK',
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'zh-mo' => 'zh-Hant-MO',
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];
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/**
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* Returns a mapping of deprecated language codes that were used in previous
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* versions of MediaWiki to up-to-date, current language codes.
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*
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* This array is merged into $wgDummyLanguageCodes in
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* SetupDynamicConfig.php, along with the fake language codes
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* 'qqq' and 'qqx', which are used internally by MediaWiki's
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* localisation system.
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*
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* @return string[]
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*
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* @since 1.29
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*/
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public static function getDeprecatedCodeMapping() {
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return self::DEPRECATED_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING;
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}
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/**
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* Returns a mapping of non-standard language codes used by
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* (current and previous version of) MediaWiki, mapped to standard
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* BCP 47 names.
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*
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* This array is exported to JavaScript to ensure
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* mediawiki.language.bcp47 stays in sync with LanguageCode::bcp47().
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*
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* @return string[]
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*
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* @since 1.32
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*/
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public static function getNonstandardLanguageCodeMapping() {
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static $result = [];
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if ( $result ) {
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return $result;
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}
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foreach ( self::DEPRECATED_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING as $code => $ignore ) {
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$result[$code] = self::bcp47( $code );
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}
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foreach ( self::NON_STANDARD_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING as $code => $ignore ) {
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$result[$code] = self::bcp47( $code );
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}
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return $result;
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}
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/**
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* Replace deprecated language codes that were used in previous
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* versions of MediaWiki to up-to-date, current language codes.
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* Other values will be returned unchanged.
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*
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* @param string $code Old language code
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* @return string New language code
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*
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* @since 1.30
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*/
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public static function replaceDeprecatedCodes( $code ) {
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return self::DEPRECATED_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING[$code] ?? $code;
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}
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/**
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* Get the normalised IANA language tag
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* See unit test for examples.
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* See mediawiki.language.bcp47 for the JavaScript implementation.
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*
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* @param string $code The language code.
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* @return string A language code complying with BCP 47 standards.
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*
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* @since 1.31
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*/
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public static function bcp47( $code ) {
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$code = self::replaceDeprecatedCodes( strtolower( $code ) );
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if ( isset( self::NON_STANDARD_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING[$code] ) ) {
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$code = self::NON_STANDARD_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING[$code];
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}
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$codeSegment = explode( '-', $code );
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$codeBCP = [];
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foreach ( $codeSegment as $segNo => $seg ) {
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// when the previous segment is x, it is a private segment and should be lc
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if ( $segNo > 0 && strtolower( $codeSegment[( $segNo - 1 )] ) == 'x' ) {
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$codeBCP[$segNo] = strtolower( $seg );
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// ISO 3166 country code
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} elseif ( ( strlen( $seg ) == 2 ) && ( $segNo > 0 ) ) {
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$codeBCP[$segNo] = strtoupper( $seg );
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// ISO 15924 script code
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} elseif ( ( strlen( $seg ) == 4 ) && ( $segNo > 0 ) ) {
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$codeBCP[$segNo] = ucfirst( strtolower( $seg ) );
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// Use lowercase for other cases
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} else {
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$codeBCP[$segNo] = strtolower( $seg );
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}
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}
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return implode( '-', $codeBCP );
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}
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/**
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* Convert standardized BCP 47 codes to the internal names used
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* by MediaWiki and returned by Language::getCode(). This function
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* should be the inverse of LanguageCode::bcp47(). Note that BCP 47
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* explicitly states that language codes are case-insensitive.
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*
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* Since LanguageFactory::getLanguage() is pretty generous about
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* accepting aliases (as long as they are lowercased), this function
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* should be equivalent to:
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* LanguageFactory::getLanguage(strtolower($code))->getCode()
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* but (a) better describes the caller's intention, and (b) should
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* be much more efficient in practice.
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*
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* @param string|Bcp47Code $code The standard BCP-47 language code
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* @return string A MediaWiki-internal code, as returned, for example, by
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* Language::getCode()
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* @since 1.40
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*/
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public static function bcp47ToInternal( $code ): string {
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if ( $code instanceof Language ) {
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return $code->getCode();
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}
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if ( $code instanceof Bcp47Code ) {
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$code = $code->toBcp47Code();
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}
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static $invertedLookup = [];
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if ( !$invertedLookup ) {
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// There should never be two different entries in
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// NON_STANDARD_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING that map *different*
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// internal codes to the same external BCP-47 code. That is,
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// BCP-47 should preserve all the information from the internal
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// code (discussed further above)[*]. But note the converse isn't
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// true: multiple BCP-47 codes can alias to the same internal code:
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// BCP-47 internal
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// zh-Hans-CN => zh-cn (in NON_STANDARD_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING)
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// zh-Hans => zh-hans (not in " )
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// zh-CN => zh-cn (not in " )
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//
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// [*] eml/egl are the "exception that proves the rule": `egl` *is*
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// (prematurely?) defined as an internal code, but only
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// eml.wikipedia.org exists, and it defines its language as `eml`;
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// for internal purposes `egl` should map back into `eml` until
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// `eml` is deprecated (aka an `eml => egl` entry is added to
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// DEPRECATED_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING): T36217.
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foreach ( self::NON_STANDARD_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING as $internal => $bcp47 ) {
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$invertedLookup[strtolower( $bcp47 )] = $internal;
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}
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// We deliberately do *not* use DEPRECATED_LANGUAGE_CODE_MAPPING
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// here: deprecated codes are no longer valid mediawiki internal
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// codes, and we should never return them.
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}
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// Internal codes are all lowercase. This also achieves
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// case-insensitivity in the lookup.
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$code = strtolower( $code );
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return $invertedLookup[$code] ?? $code;
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}
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/**
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* We want to eventually require valid BCP-47 codes on HTTP and HTML
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* APIs (where the standards require it). This will "prefer" to
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* interpret the given $code as BCP-47, but if a mediawiki internal
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* code is provided, it will map it to the proper BCP-47 code. We
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* don't emit a logged warning on this path yet, but we intend to
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* in the future.
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*
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* @param string $code A "language code" provided from an HTTP or HTML
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* API, presumed to be BCP-47
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* @return Bcp47Code An "actual" BCP-47 code
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* @internal
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*/
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public static function normalizeNonstandardCodeAndWarn( string $code ): Bcp47Code {
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$compatMap = self::getNonstandardLanguageCodeMapping();
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if ( isset( $compatMap[strtolower( $code )] ) ) {
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// Backward compatibility, since clients may have been
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// sending us non-standards-compliant
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// "mediawiki internal language codes"; eventually we'll
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// emit a logged warning here.
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$code = $compatMap[strtolower( $code )];
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}
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return new Bcp47CodeValue( $code );
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}
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/**
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* Returns true if a language code string is a well-formed language tag
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* according to RFC 5646.
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* This function only checks well-formedness; it doesn't check that
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* language, script or variant codes actually exist in the repositories.
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*
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* Based on regexes by Mark Davis of the Unicode Consortium:
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* https://github.com/unicode-org/icu/blob/37e295627156bc334e1f1e88807025fac984da0e/icu4j/main/tests/translit/src/com/ibm/icu/dev/test/translit/langtagRegex.txt
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*
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* @param string $code
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* @param bool $lenient Whether to allow '_' as separator. The default is only '-'.
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*
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* @return bool
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* @since 1.39
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*/
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public static function isWellFormedLanguageTag( string $code, bool $lenient = false ): bool {
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$alpha = '[a-z]';
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$digit = '[0-9]';
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$alphanum = '[a-z0-9]';
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$x = 'x'; # private use singleton
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$singleton = '[a-wy-z]'; # other singleton
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$s = $lenient ? '[-_]' : '-';
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$language = "$alpha{2,8}|$alpha{2,3}$s$alpha{3}";
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$script = "$alpha{4}"; # ISO 15924
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$region = "(?:$alpha{2}|$digit{3})"; # ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 or UN M.49
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$variant = "(?:$alphanum{5,8}|$digit$alphanum{3})";
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$extension = "$singleton(?:$s$alphanum{2,8})+";
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$privateUse = "$x(?:$s$alphanum{1,8})+";
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# Define certain legacy language tags (marked as “Type: grandfathered” in BCP 47),
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# since otherwise the regex is pretty useless.
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# Since these are limited, this is safe even later changes to the registry --
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# the only oddity is that it might change the type of the tag, and thus
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# the results from the capturing groups.
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# https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry
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$legacy = "en{$s}gb{$s}oed"
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. "|i{$s}(?:ami|bnn|default|enochian|hak|klingon|lux|mingo|navajo|pwn|tao|tay|tsu)"
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. "|no{$s}(?:bok|nyn)"
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. "|sgn{$s}(?:be{$s}(?:fr|nl)|ch{$s}de)"
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. "|zh{$s}min{$s}nan";
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$variantList = "$variant(?:$s$variant)*";
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$extensionList = "$extension(?:$s$extension)*";
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$langtag = "(?:($language)"
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. "(?:$s$script)?"
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. "(?:$s$region)?"
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. "(?:$s$variantList)?"
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. "(?:$s$extensionList)?"
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. "(?:$s$privateUse)?)";
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# Here is the final breakdown, with capturing groups for each of these components
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# The variants, extensions, legacy, and private-use may have interior '-'
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$root = "^(?:$langtag|$privateUse|$legacy)$";
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return preg_match( "/$root/i", $code );
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}
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}
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/** @deprecated class alias since 1.43 */
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class_alias( LanguageCode::class, 'LanguageCode' );
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