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bevel gear fixes

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Adrian Mariano 2023-10-17 17:34:21 -04:00
parent 6985f53c68
commit fb483af607
1 changed files with 158 additions and 114 deletions
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gears.scad
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@ -522,12 +522,12 @@ function _inherit_gear_thickness(thickness) =
// but with a zero angle. These share advantages of straight teeth and spiral teeth: they are quiet like // but with a zero angle. These share advantages of straight teeth and spiral teeth: they are quiet like
// straight teeth but they lack the axial thrust of spiral gears, and they can operate in both directions. // straight teeth but they lack the axial thrust of spiral gears, and they can operate in both directions.
// They are also reportedly stronger than either spiral or bevel gears. // They are also reportedly stronger than either spiral or bevel gears.
// Figure(3D,Med,VPT=[-5.10228,-3.09311,3.06426],VPR=[67.6,0,131.9],VPD=237.091,NoAxes): Straight tooth bevel gear with 45 degree angled teeth. To get a gear like this you must specify a spiral angle of zero and a cutter radius of zero. // Figure(3D,Med,VPT=[-5.10228,-3.09311,3.06426],VPR=[67.6,0,131.9],VPD=237.091,NoAxes): Straight tooth bevel gear with 45 degree angled teeth. To get a gear like this you must specify a spiral angle of zero and a cutter radius of zero. This gear would mate with a copy of itself and would change direction of rotation without changing the rotation rate.
// bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,face_width=20,spiral_angle=0,cutter_radius=0); // bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,mate_teeth=35,face_width=20,spiral_angle=0,cutter_radius=0);
// Figure(3D,Med,VPT=[-5.10228,-3.09311,3.06426],VPR=[67.6,0,131.9],VPD=237.091,NoAxes): Straight tooth bevel gear with 45 degree angled teeth. A gear like this has a positive spiral angle, which determines how sloped the teeth are and a positive cutter radius, which determines how curved the teeth are. // Figure(3D,Med,VPT=[-5.10228,-3.09311,3.06426],VPR=[67.6,0,131.9],VPD=237.091,NoAxes): Straight tooth bevel gear with 45 degree angled teeth. A gear like this has a positive spiral angle, which determines how sloped the teeth are and a positive cutter radius, which determines how curved the teeth are.
// bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,face_width=20); // bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,mate_teeth=35,face_width=20,slices=12);
// Figure(3D,Med,VPT=[-5.10228,-3.09311,3.06426],VPR=[67.6,0,131.9],VPD=237.091,NoAxes): Zerol tooth bevel gear with 45 degree angled teeth. A gear like this has a spiral angle of zero, but a positive cutter radius, which determines how curved the teeth are. // Figure(3D,Med,VPT=[-5.10228,-3.09311,3.06426],VPR=[67.6,0,131.9],VPD=237.091,NoAxes): Zerol tooth bevel gear with 45 degree angled teeth. A gear like this has a spiral angle of zero, but a positive cutter radius, which determines how curved the teeth are.
// bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,face_width=20,spiral_angle=0); // bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,mate_teeth=35,face_width=20,spiral_angle=0,slices=12);
// Continues: // Continues:
// Bevel gears have demanding requirements for successful mating of two gears. Of course the tooth size // Bevel gears have demanding requirements for successful mating of two gears. Of course the tooth size
// and pressure angle must match. But beyond that, their pitch cones have to meet at their points. // and pressure angle must match. But beyond that, their pitch cones have to meet at their points.
@ -540,24 +540,19 @@ function _inherit_gear_thickness(thickness) =
// this is not required, and you can design pairs of bevel gears for any desired shaft angle. // this is not required, and you can design pairs of bevel gears for any desired shaft angle.
// Note, however, that given a pair of teeth counts, a bevel gear pair is not possible at all angles. // Note, however, that given a pair of teeth counts, a bevel gear pair is not possible at all angles.
// Figure(3D,Med,NoAxes,VPT=[-1.42254,-1.98925,13.5702],VPR=[76,0,145],VPD=263.435): Two zerol bevel gears mated with shafts at 90 degrees. // Figure(3D,Med,NoAxes,VPT=[-1.42254,-1.98925,13.5702],VPR=[76,0,145],VPD=263.435): Two zerol bevel gears mated with shafts at 90 degrees.
// bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,face_width=10,spiral_angle=0,mate_teeth=15); // bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,face_width=10,spiral_angle=0,mate_teeth=15,backing=3);
// cyl(h=40,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT); // cyl(h=28,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);
// color("lightblue")left(pitch_radius(mod=3,teeth=35))up(pitch_radius(mod=3,teeth=15)) // color("lightblue")left(pitch_radius(mod=3,teeth=35))up(pitch_radius(mod=3,teeth=15))
// yrot(90){zrot(360/15/2)bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=15,face_width=10,spiral_angle=0,cutter_radius=-30,mate_teeth=35); // yrot(90){zrot(360/15/2)bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=15,face_width=10,spiral_angle=0,cutter_radius=-30,mate_teeth=35);
// cyl(h=60,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);} // cyl(h=57,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);}
// Figure(3D,Med,NoAxes,VPT=[1.55215,1.94725,16.4524],VPR=[76,0,181.4],VPD=263.435): Two zerol bevel gears mated with shafts at a 35 deg angle. Note that if the blue gear is tipped slightly more its shaft will intersect the shaft of the yellow gear underneath that gear; that indicates an impossible angle for this pair of teeth counts. // Figure(3D,Med,NoAxes,VPT=[2.01253,-0.673328,8.98056],VPD=263.435,VPR=[79.5,0,68.6]): Two zerol bevel gears mated with shafts at a 110 deg angle. Note that if the blue gear is tipped slightly more its shaft will intersect the shaft of the yellow gear underneath that gear; that indicates an impossible angle for this pair of teeth counts.
// function bevel_angles(z1,z2,shaft) = // ang=110;
// [atan(sin(shaft)/((z2/z1)+cos(shaft))), // bevel_gear(mod=3,35,15,ang,spiral_angle=0,backing=5,anchor="apex")
// atan(sin(shaft)/((z1/z2)+cos(shaft)))]; // cyl(h=25,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);
// angles = bevel_angles(35,15,115);
// bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=35,face_width=10,spiral_angle=0,pitch_angle=angles[0],cutter_radius=30);
// cyl(h=40,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);
// color("lightblue") // color("lightblue")
// left(pitch_radius(mod=3,teeth=35))yrot(20)up(pitch_radius(mod=3,teeth=15)) // xrot(ang)
// yrot(90)zrot(360/15/2){ // bevel_gear(mod=3,15,35,ang,spiral_angle=0,right_handed=true,anchor="apex")
// bevel_gear(mod=3,teeth=15,face_width=10,spiral_angle=0,cutter_radius=-30,pitch_angle=(angles[1])); // cyl(h=70,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);
// cyl(h=60,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);
// }
// Continues: // Continues:
// In the above figure you can see a gear that is very flat. A bevel gear that is perfectly flat is called a planar bevel gear or // In the above figure you can see a gear that is very flat. A bevel gear that is perfectly flat is called a planar bevel gear or
// sometimes also a crown gear. The latter term may be confusing because it also refers to a similar looking // sometimes also a crown gear. The latter term may be confusing because it also refers to a similar looking
@ -1695,10 +1690,10 @@ module rack(
assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth")
bottom bottom
: is_def(width) ? : is_def(width) ?
assert(is_finite(width) && width>a+d, "Width is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(width) && width>a+d, "width is invalid or too small for teeth")
width - a width - a
: is_def(backing) ? : is_def(backing) ?
assert(all_positive([backing]), "Backing must be a positive value") assert(all_positive([backing]), "backing must be a positive value")
backing+d backing+d
: 2*d+a; // default case : 2*d+a; // default case
l = teeth * trans_pitch; l = teeth * trans_pitch;
@ -1796,10 +1791,10 @@ function rack(
assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth")
bottom bottom
: is_def(width) ? : is_def(width) ?
assert(is_finite(width) && width>a+d, "Width is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(width) && width>a+d, "width is invalid or too small for teeth")
width - a width - a
: is_def(backing) ? : is_def(backing) ?
assert(all_positive([backing]), "Backing must be a positive value") assert(all_positive([backing]), "backing must be a positive value")
backing+d backing+d
: 2*d+a, // default case : 2*d+a, // default case
l = teeth * trans_pitch, l = teeth * trans_pitch,
@ -1930,10 +1925,10 @@ function rack2d(
assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>dedendum, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>dedendum, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth")
bottom bottom
: is_def(width) ? : is_def(width) ?
assert(is_finite(width) && width>adendum+dedendum, "Width is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(width) && width>adendum+dedendum, "width is invalid or too small for teeth")
width - adendum width - adendum
: is_def(backing) ? : is_def(backing) ?
assert(all_positive([backing]), "Backing must be a positive value") assert(all_positive([backing]), "backing must be a positive value")
backing+dedendum backing+dedendum
: 2*dedendum+adendum // default case : 2*dedendum+adendum // default case
) )
@ -2029,10 +2024,10 @@ module rack2d(
assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth")
bottom bottom
: is_def(width) ? : is_def(width) ?
assert(is_finite(width) && width>a+d, "Width is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(width) && width>a+d, "width is invalid or too small for teeth")
width - a width - a
: is_def(backing) ? : is_def(backing) ?
assert(all_positive([backing]), "Backing must be a positive value") assert(all_positive([backing]), "backing must be a positive value")
backing+d backing+d
: 2*d+a; // default case : 2*d+a; // default case
l = teeth * trans_pitch; l = teeth * trans_pitch;
@ -2091,7 +2086,7 @@ module rack2d(
// Arguments: // Arguments:
// circ_pitch = The circular pitch, or distance between teeth around the pitch circle, in mm. Default: 5 // circ_pitch = The circular pitch, or distance between teeth around the pitch circle, in mm. Default: 5
// teeth = Total number of teeth around the entire perimeter. Default: 20 // teeth = Total number of teeth around the entire perimeter. Default: 20
// backing = Distance from base of crown gear to roots of teeth (alternative to bottom and backing). // backing = Distance from base of crown gear to roots of teeth (alternative to bottom and thickness).
// face_width = Width of the toothed surface in mm, from inside radius to outside. Default: 5 // face_width = Width of the toothed surface in mm, from inside radius to outside. Default: 5
// --- // ---
// bottom = Distance from crown's pitch plane (Z=0) to the bottom of the crown gear. (Alternative to backing or thickness) // bottom = Distance from crown's pitch plane (Z=0) to the bottom of the crown gear. (Alternative to backing or thickness)
@ -2157,10 +2152,10 @@ function crown_gear(
assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth")
bottom bottom
: is_def(thickness) ? : is_def(thickness) ?
assert(is_finite(thickness) && thickness>a+d, "Width is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(thickness) && thickness>a+d, "thickness is invalid or too small for teeth")
thickness - a thickness - a
: is_def(backing) ? : is_def(backing) ?
assert(all_positive([backing]), "Backing must be a positive value") assert(all_positive([backing]), "backing must be a positive value")
backing+d backing+d
: 2*d+a, // default case : 2*d+a, // default case
mod = module_value(circ_pitch=pitch), mod = module_value(circ_pitch=pitch),
@ -2245,10 +2240,10 @@ module crown_gear(
assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>d, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth")
bottom bottom
: is_def(thickness) ? : is_def(thickness) ?
assert(is_finite(thickness) && thickness>a+d, "Width is invalid or too small for teeth") assert(is_finite(thickness) && thickness>a+d, "thickness is invalid or too small for teeth")
thickness - a thickness - a
: is_def(backing) ? : is_def(backing) ?
assert(all_positive([backing]), "Backing must be a positive value") assert(all_positive([backing]), "backing must be a positive value")
backing+d backing+d
: 2*d+a; // default case : 2*d+a; // default case
vnf = crown_gear( vnf = crown_gear(
@ -2276,56 +2271,54 @@ module crown_gear(
// Topics: Gears, Parts // Topics: Gears, Parts
// See Also: rack(), rack2d(), spur_gear(), spur_gear2d(), bevel_pitch_angle(), bevel_gear() // See Also: rack(), rack2d(), spur_gear(), spur_gear2d(), bevel_pitch_angle(), bevel_gear()
// Usage: As a Module // Usage: As a Module
// bevel_gear(circ_pitch, teeth, face_width, [pitch_angle=]|[mate_teeth=], [shaft_diam=], [hide=], [pressure_angle=], [clearance=], [backlash=], [cutter_radius=], [spiral_angle=], [left_handed=], [slices=], [internal=]); // gear_dist(mod=|diam_pitch=|circ_pitch=, teeth, mate_teeth, [shaft_angle], [shaft_diam], [face_width=], [hide=], [spiral_angle=], [cutter_radius=], [right_handed=], [pressure_angle=], [backlash=], [slices=], [internal=], [gear_spin=], ...) [ATTACHMENTS];
// bevel_gear(mod=, teeth=, face_width=, [pitch_angle=]|[mate_teeth=], [shaft_diam=], [hide=], [pressure_angle=], [clearance=], [backlash=], [cutter_radius=], [spiral_angle=], [left_handed=], [slices=], [internal=]);
// Usage: As a Function // Usage: As a Function
// vnf = bevel_gear(circ_pitch, teeth, face_width, [pitch_angle=]|[mate_teeth=], [hide=], [pressure_angle=], [clearance=], [backlash=], [cutter_radius=], [spiral_angle=], [left_handed=], [slices=], [internal=]); // vnf = gear_dist(mod=|diam_pitch=|circ_pitch=, teeth, mate_teeth, [shaft_angle], [face_width=], [hide=], [spiral_angle=], [cutter_radius=], [right_handed=], [pressure_angle=], [backlash=], [slices=], [internal=], [gear_spin=], ...);
// vnf = bevel_gear(mod=, teeth=, face_width=, [pitch_angle=]|[mate_teeth=], [hide=], [pressure_angle=], [clearance=], [backlash=], [cutter_radius=], [spiral_angle=], [left_handed=], [slices=], [internal=]);
// Description: // Description:
// Creates a (potentially spiral) bevel gear. The module `bevel_gear()` gives a bevel gear, with // Creates a spiral, zerol, or straight bevel gear. In straight bevel gear sets, when each tooth
// reasonable defaults for all the parameters. Normally, you should just choose the first 4
// parameters, and let the rest be default values. In straight bevel gear sets, when each tooth
// engages it inpacts the corresponding tooth. The abrupt tooth engagement causes impact stress // engages it inpacts the corresponding tooth. The abrupt tooth engagement causes impact stress
// which makes them more prone to breakage. Spiral bevel gears have teeth formed along spirals so // which makes them more prone to breakage. Spiral bevel gears have teeth formed along spirals so
// they engage more gradually, resulting in a less abrupt transfer of force, so they are quieter // they engage more gradually, resulting in a less abrupt transfer of force, so they are quieter
// in operation and less likely to break. // in operation and less likely to break.
// . // .
// The module `bevel_gear()` gives a gear in the XY plane, centered on the origin, with one tooth // Bevel gears must be created in mated pairs to work together at a chosen shaft angle. You therefore
// centered on the positive Y axis. The various functions below it take the same parameters, and // must specify both the number of teeth on the gear and the number of teeth on its mating gear.
// return various measurements for the gear. The most important function is `mesh_radius()`, which tells // Additional requirements for bevel gears to mesh are that they share the same
// how far apart to space gears that are meshing, and `outer_radius()`, which gives the size of the // tooth size and the same pressure angle and they must be of opposite handedness.
// region filled by the gear. A gear has a "pitch circle", which is an invisible circle that cuts // The pressure angle controls how much the teeth bulge at their
// through the middle of each tooth (though not the exact center). In order for two gears to mesh, // sides and is almost always 20 degrees for standard bevel gears. The ratio of `teeth` for two meshing gears
// their pitch circles should just touch, if no profile shifting is done). So the distance between // gives how many times one will make a full
// their centers should be `mesh_radius()` for one, plus `mesh_radius()` for the other, which gives
// the radii of their pitch circles and profile shifts. In order for two gears to mesh, they must
// have the same `circ_pitch` and `pressure_angle` parameters. `circ_pitch` gives the number of millimeters
// of arc around the pitch circle covered by one tooth and one space between teeth. The `pressure_angle`
// controls how flat or bulged the sides of the teeth are. Common values include 14.5 degrees and 20
// degrees, and occasionally 25. The default here is 20 degrees. Larger numbers bulge out more,
// giving stronger teeth. The ratio of `teeth` for two meshing gears gives how many times one will make a full
// revolution when the the other makes one full revolution. If the two numbers are coprime (i.e. // revolution when the the other makes one full revolution. If the two numbers are coprime (i.e.
// are not both divisible by the same number greater than 1), then every tooth on one gear will meet // are not both divisible by the same number greater than 1), then every tooth on one gear will meet
// every tooth on the other, for more even wear. So coprime numbers of teeth are good. // every tooth on the other, for more even wear. So relatively prime numbers of teeth are good.
// .
// The gear appears centered on the origin, with one tooth
// centered on the positive Y axis. The pitch base will lie in the XY plane.
// In order to mesh the mating gear must be positioned so their pitch bases are tagent.
// The apexes of the pitch cones must coincide.
// Arguments: // Arguments:
// circ_pitch = The circular pitch, or distance between teeth around the pitch circle, in mm. Default: 5 // teeth = Number of teeth on the gear
// teeth = Total number of teeth around the entire perimeter. Default: 20 // mate_teeth = Number of teeth on the gear that will mate to this gear
// face_width = Width of the toothed surface in mm, from inside to outside. Default: 10 // shaft_angle = Angle between the shafts of the two gears. Default: 90
// --- // --
// pitch_angle = Angle of beveled gear face. Default: 45 // mod = The metric module/modulus of the gear, or mm of pitch diameter per tooth.
// mate_teeth = The number of teeth in the gear that this gear will mate with. Overrides `pitch_angle` if given. // diam_pitch = The diametral pitch, or number of teeth per inch of pitch diameter. Note that the diametral pitch is a completely different thing than the pitch diameter.
// shaft_diam = Diameter of the hole in the center, in mm. Module use only. Default: 0 (no shaft hole) // circ_pitch = distance between teeth around the pitch circle.
// backing = Distance from bottom of bevel gear to bottom corner of teeth (Alternative to bottom or thickness). Default: 0
// bottom = Distance from bevel gear's pitch base to the bottom of the bevel gear. (Alternative to backing or thickness)
// thickness = Thickness of bevel gear. (Alternative to backing or bottom)
// face_width = Width of teeth. Default: 10
// shaft_diam = Diameter of the hole in the center, or zero for no hole. (Module only.) Default: 0
// hide = Number of teeth to delete to make this only a fraction of a circle. Default: 0 // hide = Number of teeth to delete to make this only a fraction of a circle. Default: 0
// pressure_angle = Controls how straight or bulged the tooth sides are. In degrees. Default: 20 // pressure_angle = Controls how straight or bulged the tooth sides are. In degrees. Default: 20
// clearance = Clearance gap at the bottom of the inter-tooth valleys. Default: module/4 // clearance = Clearance gap at the bottom of the inter-tooth valleys. Default: module/4
// backlash = Gap between two meshing teeth, in the direction along the circumference of the pitch circle. Default: 0 // backlash = Gap between two meshing teeth, in the direction along the circumference of the pitch circle. Default: 0
// cutter_radius = Radius of spiral arc for teeth. If 0, then gear will have straight teeth. Default: 30
// spiral_angle = The base angle for spiral teeth. If zero the teeth will be zerol or straight. Default: 30 // spiral_angle = The base angle for spiral teeth. If zero the teeth will be zerol or straight. Default: 30
// left_handed = If true, the gear returned will have a left-handed spiral. Default: false // cutter_radius = Radius of spiral arc for teeth. If 0, then gear will have straight teeth. Default: 30
// right_handed = If true, the gear returned will have a right-handed teeth. Default: false
// slices = Number of vertical layers to divide gear into. Useful for refining gears with `spiral`. Default: 1 // slices = Number of vertical layers to divide gear into. Useful for refining gears with `spiral`. Default: 1
// internal = If true, create a mask for difference()ing from something else. // internal = If true, create a mask for difference()ing from something else.
// diam_pitch = The diametral pitch, or number of teeth per inch of pitch diameter. Note that the diametral pitch is a completely different thing than the pitch diameter. // gear_spin = Rotate gear and children around the gear center, regardless of how gear is anchored. Default: 0
// mod = The metric module/modulus of the gear, or mm of pitch diameter per tooth.
// anchor = Translate so anchor point is at origin (0,0,0). See [anchor](attachments.scad#subsection-anchor). Default: `CENTER` // anchor = Translate so anchor point is at origin (0,0,0). See [anchor](attachments.scad#subsection-anchor). Default: `CENTER`
// spin = Rotate this many degrees around the Z axis after anchor. See [spin](attachments.scad#subsection-spin). Default: `0` // spin = Rotate this many degrees around the Z axis after anchor. See [spin](attachments.scad#subsection-spin). Default: `0`
// orient = Vector to rotate top towards, after spin. See [orient](attachments.scad#subsection-orient). Default: `UP` // orient = Vector to rotate top towards, after spin. See [orient](attachments.scad#subsection-orient). Default: `UP`
@ -2335,24 +2328,24 @@ module crown_gear(
// "flattop" = At the top of the flat top of the bevel gear. // "flattop" = At the top of the flat top of the bevel gear.
// Side Effects: // Side Effects:
// If internal is true then the default tag is "remove" // If internal is true then the default tag is "remove"
// Example: Beveled Gear // Example(NoAxes): Bevel Gear with zerol teeth
// bevel_gear( // bevel_gear(
// circ_pitch=5, teeth=36, face_width=10, shaft_diam=5, // circ_pitch=5, teeth=36, mate_teeth=36,
// pitch_angle=45, spiral_angle=0 // shaft_diam=5, spiral_angle=0
// ); // );
// Example: Spiral Beveled Gear and Pinion // Example(NoAxes): Spiral Beveled Gear and Pinion
// t1 = 16; t2 = 28; // t1 = 16; t2 = 28;
// bevel_gear( // color("lightblue")bevel_gear(
// circ_pitch=5, teeth=t1, mate_teeth=t2, // circ_pitch=5, teeth=t1, mate_teeth=t2,
// slices=12, anchor="apex", orient=FWD // slices=12, anchor="apex", orient=FWD
// ); // );
// bevel_gear( // bevel_gear(
// circ_pitch=5, teeth=t2, mate_teeth=t1, left_handed=true, // circ_pitch=5, teeth=t2, mate_teeth=t1, right_handed=true,
// slices=12, anchor="apex", spin=180/t2 // slices=12, anchor="apex", backing=3, spin=180/t2
// ); // );
// Example(Anim,Frames=4,VPD=175): Manual Spacing of Pinion and Gear // Example(Anim,Frames=4,VPD=175,NoAxes): Manual Spacing of Pinion and Gear
// t1 = 14; t2 = 28; circ_pitch=5; // t1 = 14; t2 = 28; circ_pitch=5;
// back(pitch_radius(circ_pitch, t2)) { // color("lightblue")back(pitch_radius(circ_pitch, t2)) {
// yrot($t*360/t1) // yrot($t*360/t1)
// bevel_gear( // bevel_gear(
// circ_pitch=circ_pitch, teeth=t1, mate_teeth=t2, shaft_diam=5, // circ_pitch=circ_pitch, teeth=t1, mate_teeth=t2, shaft_diam=5,
@ -2362,34 +2355,46 @@ module crown_gear(
// down(pitch_radius(circ_pitch, t1)) { // down(pitch_radius(circ_pitch, t1)) {
// zrot($t*360/t2) // zrot($t*360/t2)
// bevel_gear( // bevel_gear(
// circ_pitch=circ_pitch, teeth=t2, mate_teeth=t1, left_handed=true, // circ_pitch=circ_pitch, teeth=t2, mate_teeth=t1, right_handed=true,
// shaft_diam=5, slices=12, spin=180/t2 // shaft_diam=5, slices=12, backing=3, spin=180/t2
// ); // );
// } // }
// Example(NoAxes,VPT=[24.4306,-9.20912,-29.3331],VPD=292.705,VPR=[71.8,0,62.5]): Bevel gears at a non right angle, positioned by aligning the pitch cone apexes.
// ang=65;
// bevel_gear(mod=3,35,15,ang,spiral_angle=0,backing=5,anchor="apex")
// cyl(h=48,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);
// color("lightblue")
// xrot(ang)
// bevel_gear(mod=3,15,35,ang,spiral_angle=0,right_handed=true,anchor="apex")
// cyl(h=65,d=3,$fn=16,anchor=BOT);
function bevel_gear( function bevel_gear(
circ_pitch,
teeth, teeth,
face_width = 10,
pitch_angle = 45,
mate_teeth, mate_teeth,
shaft_angle=90,
backing,thickness,bottom,
face_width = 10,
hide = 0, hide = 0,
pressure_angle = 20, pressure_angle = 20,
clearance, clearance,
backlash = 0.0, backlash = 0.0,
cutter_radius = 30, cutter_radius = 30,
spiral_angle = 35, spiral_angle = 35,
left_handed = false, right_handed = false,
slices = 5, slices = 5,
internal, internal,
interior, interior,
pitch, pitch,
circ_pitch,
diam_pitch, diam_pitch,
mod, mod,
anchor = "pitchbase", anchor = "pitchbase",
spin = 0, spin = 0,
orient = UP gear_spin = 0,
) = let( orient = UP,
_return_anchors = false
) = assert(all_integer([teeth,mate_teeth]) && teeth>=3 && mate_teeth>=3, "Must give teeth and mate_teeth, integers greater than or equal to 3")
let(
dummy = !is_undef(interior) ? echo("In bevel_gear(), the argument 'interior=' has been deprecated, and may be removed in the future. Please use 'internal=' instead."):0, dummy = !is_undef(interior) ? echo("In bevel_gear(), the argument 'interior=' has been deprecated, and may be removed in the future. Please use 'internal=' instead."):0,
internal = first_defined([internal,interior,false]), internal = first_defined([internal,interior,false]),
circ_pitch = _inherit_gear_pitch("bevel_gear()",pitch, circ_pitch, diam_pitch, mod), circ_pitch = _inherit_gear_pitch("bevel_gear()",pitch, circ_pitch, diam_pitch, mod),
@ -2397,7 +2402,10 @@ function bevel_gear(
spiral_angle = _inherit_gear_helical(spiral_angle, invert=!internal), spiral_angle = _inherit_gear_helical(spiral_angle, invert=!internal),
face_width = _inherit_gear_thickness(face_width), face_width = _inherit_gear_thickness(face_width),
slices = cutter_radius==0? 1 : slices, slices = cutter_radius==0? 1 : slices,
pitch_angle = is_undef(mate_teeth)? pitch_angle : atan(teeth/mate_teeth), max_ang = acos(-min(mate_teeth/teeth, teeth/mate_teeth)),
dummy2 = assert(is_finite(shaft_angle) && shaft_angle>0 && shaft_angle<max_ang,
str("For given teeth pairing, shaft_angle must be strictly between 0 and ",max_ang)),
pitch_angle = atan(sin(shaft_angle)/((mate_teeth/teeth)+cos(shaft_angle))),
pr = pitch_radius(circ_pitch, teeth), pr = pitch_radius(circ_pitch, teeth),
rr = _root_radius(circ_pitch, teeth, clearance, internal), rr = _root_radius(circ_pitch, teeth, clearance, internal),
pitchoff = (pr-rr) * sin(pitch_angle), pitchoff = (pr-rr) * sin(pitch_angle),
@ -2441,66 +2449,101 @@ function bevel_gear(
], ],
botz = verts1[0][0].z, botz = verts1[0][0].z,
topz = last(verts1)[0].z, topz = last(verts1)[0].z,
thickness = abs(topz - botz), teeth_thickness = abs(topz - botz),
cpz = (topz + botz) / 2,
vertices = [for (x=verts1) reverse(x)], vertices = [for (x=verts1) reverse(x)],
sides_vnf = vnf_vertex_array(vertices, caps=false, col_wrap=true, reverse=true), sides_vnf = vnf_vertex_array(vertices, caps=false, col_wrap=true, reverse=true),
top_verts = last(vertices), top_verts = last(vertices),
bot_verts = vertices[0], bot_verts = vertices[0],
gear_pts = len(top_verts), gear_pts = len(top_verts),
face_pts = gear_pts / teeth, face_pts = gear_pts / teeth,
top_faces =[ backing = is_def(backing) ?
assert(all_nonnegative([backing]), "backing must be a non-negative value")
backing
: is_def(thickness) ?
assert(is_finite(thickness) && thickness>= teeth_thickness, "thickness is invalid or too small for teeth")
thickness-teeth_thickness
: is_def(bottom)?
assert(is_finite(bottom) && bottom>=pitchoff, "bottom is invalid or too small for teeth")
bottom-pitchoff
: 0,
cpz = (topz + botz-backing) / 2,//+backing,
teeth_top_faces =[
for (i=[0:1:teeth-1], j=[0:1:(face_pts/2)-1]) each [ for (i=[0:1:teeth-1], j=[0:1:(face_pts/2)-1]) each [
[i*face_pts+j, (i+1)*face_pts-j-1, (i+1)*face_pts-j-2], [i*face_pts+j, (i+1)*face_pts-j-1, (i+1)*face_pts-j-2],
[i*face_pts+j, (i+1)*face_pts-j-2, i*face_pts+j+1] [i*face_pts+j, (i+1)*face_pts-j-2, i*face_pts+j+1]
], ]
],
flat_top_faces = [
for (i=[0:1:teeth-1]) each [ for (i=[0:1:teeth-1]) each [
[gear_pts, (i+1)*face_pts-1, i*face_pts], [gear_pts, (i+1)*face_pts-1, i*face_pts],
[gear_pts, ((i+1)%teeth)*face_pts, (i+1)*face_pts-1] [gear_pts, ((i+1)%teeth)*face_pts, (i+1)*face_pts-1]
] ]
], ],
backing_vert = backing==0? []
: down(backing,[for(i=[0:1:teeth-1]) each( [bot_verts[i*face_pts], bot_verts[(i+1)*face_pts-1]])]),
shift = len(bot_verts),
backing_bot_faces = backing==0? flat_top_faces
:[for (i=idx(backing_vert))
[shift+len(backing_vert), shift+(i+1)%len(backing_vert),shift+i]
],
backing_side_faces = backing==0 ? []
: [
for (i=[0:1:teeth-1])
each [
[shift+2*i,shift+(2*i+1),(i+1)*face_pts-1],
[shift+2*i+1,shift+2*((i+1)%teeth), ((i+1)%teeth)*face_pts],
[(i+1)*face_pts-1, i*face_pts, shift+2*i],
[((i+1)%teeth)*face_pts, (i+1)*face_pts-1, shift+2*i+1]
]
],
vnf1 = vnf_join([ vnf1 = vnf_join([
[ [
[each top_verts, [0,0,top_verts[0].z]], [each top_verts, [0,0,top_verts[0].z]],
top_faces concat(teeth_top_faces, flat_top_faces)
], ],
[ [
[each bot_verts, [0,0,bot_verts[0].z]], [each bot_verts,each backing_vert, [0,0,bot_verts[0].z-backing] ],
[for (x=top_faces) reverse(x)] [for (x=concat(teeth_top_faces,backing_bot_faces,backing_side_faces)) reverse(x)]
], ],
sides_vnf sides_vnf
]), ]),
lvnf = left_handed? vnf1 : xflip(p=vnf1), lvnf = right_handed? vnf1 : xflip(p=vnf1),
vnf = down(cpz, p=lvnf), vnf = zrot(gear_spin,down(cpz, p=lvnf)),
anchors = [ anchors = [
named_anchor("pitchbase", [0,0,pitchoff-thickness/2]), named_anchor("pitchbase", [0,0,pitchoff-teeth_thickness/2+backing/2]),
named_anchor("flattop", [0,0,thickness/2]), named_anchor("flattop", [0,0,teeth_thickness/2+backing/2]),
named_anchor("apex", [0,0,hyp_ang_to_opp(ocone_rad,90-pitch_angle)+pitchoff-thickness/2]) named_anchor("apex", [0,0,hyp_ang_to_opp(ocone_rad,90-pitch_angle)+pitchoff-teeth_thickness/2+backing/2])
] ],
) reorient(anchor,spin,orient, vnf=vnf, extent=true, anchors=anchors, p=vnf); final_vnf = reorient(anchor,spin,orient, vnf=vnf, extent=true, anchors=anchors, p=vnf)
)
_return_anchors==false ? final_vnf
: [final_vnf, anchors, teeth_thickness+backing];
module bevel_gear( module bevel_gear(
circ_pitch,
teeth, teeth,
face_width = 10,
pitch_angle = 45,
mate_teeth, mate_teeth,
shaft_angle=90,
bottom,backing,thickness,
face_width = 10,
shaft_diam = 0, shaft_diam = 0,
pressure_angle = 20, pressure_angle = 20,
clearance = undef, clearance = undef,
backlash = 0.0, backlash = 0.0,
cutter_radius = 30, cutter_radius = 30,
spiral_angle = 35, spiral_angle = 35,
left_handed = false, right_handed = false,
slices = 5, slices = 5,
internal, internal,
interior, interior,
pitch, pitch,
diam_pitch, diam_pitch,
circ_pitch,
mod, mod,
anchor = "pitchbase", anchor = "pitchbase",
spin = 0, spin = 0,
gear_spin=0,
orient = UP orient = UP
) { ) {
dummy = !is_undef(interior) ? echo("In bevel_gear(), the argument 'interior=' has been deprecated, and may be removed in the future. Please use 'internal=' instead."):0; dummy = !is_undef(interior) ? echo("In bevel_gear(), the argument 'interior=' has been deprecated, and may be removed in the future. Please use 'internal=' instead."):0;
@ -2510,35 +2553,36 @@ module bevel_gear(
spiral_angle = _inherit_gear_helical(spiral_angle, invert=!internal); spiral_angle = _inherit_gear_helical(spiral_angle, invert=!internal);
face_width = _inherit_gear_thickness(face_width); face_width = _inherit_gear_thickness(face_width);
slices = cutter_radius==0? 1 : slices; slices = cutter_radius==0? 1 : slices;
pitch_angle = is_undef(mate_teeth)? pitch_angle : atan(teeth/mate_teeth); pitch_angle = atan(sin(shaft_angle)/((mate_teeth/teeth)+cos(shaft_angle)));
pr = pitch_radius(circ_pitch, teeth); pr = pitch_radius(circ_pitch, teeth);
ipr = pr - face_width*sin(pitch_angle); ipr = pr - face_width*sin(pitch_angle);
rr = _root_radius(circ_pitch, teeth, clearance, internal); rr = _root_radius(circ_pitch, teeth, clearance, internal);
pitchoff = (pr-rr) * sin(pitch_angle); pitchoff = (pr-rr) * sin(pitch_angle);
vnf = bevel_gear( vnf_anchors = bevel_gear(
circ_pitch = circ_pitch, circ_pitch = circ_pitch,
teeth = teeth, teeth = teeth,
mate_teeth = mate_teeth,
shaft_angle=shaft_angle,
bottom=bottom,thickness=thickness,backing=backing,
face_width = face_width, face_width = face_width,
pitch_angle = pitch_angle,
pressure_angle = PA, pressure_angle = PA,
clearance = clearance, clearance = clearance,
backlash = backlash, backlash = backlash,
cutter_radius = cutter_radius, cutter_radius = cutter_radius,
spiral_angle = spiral_angle, spiral_angle = spiral_angle,
left_handed = left_handed, right_handed = right_handed,
slices = slices, slices = slices,
internal = internal, internal = internal,
anchor=CENTER anchor=CENTER,
gear_spin=gear_spin,
_return_anchors=true
); );
axis_zs = [for (p=vnf[0]) if(norm(point2d(p)) < EPSILON) p.z]; vnf=vnf_anchors[0];
thickness = max(axis_zs) - min(axis_zs); anchors=vnf_anchors[1];
anchors = [ thickness = vnf_anchors[2];
named_anchor("pitchbase", [0,0,pitchoff-thickness/2]),
named_anchor("flattop", [0,0,thickness/2]),
named_anchor("apex", [0,0,adj_ang_to_opp(pr,90-pitch_angle)+pitchoff-thickness/2])
];
default_tag("remove",internal) { default_tag("remove",internal) {
attachable(anchor,spin,orient, r1=pr, r2=ipr, h=thickness, anchors=anchors) { //attachable(anchor,spin,orient, vnf=r1=pr, r2=ipr, h=thickness, anchors=anchors) {
attachable(anchor,spin,orient, vnf=vnf, extent=true, anchors=anchors) {
difference() { difference() {
vnf_polyhedron(vnf, convexity=teeth/2); vnf_polyhedron(vnf, convexity=teeth/2);
if (shaft_diam > 0) { if (shaft_diam > 0) {